The energy sector is one of the most important parts of modern life, providing the power needed for homes, businesses, and transport. It includes traditional fuels such as oil and gas, as well as renewable sources like wind, solar, and biomass.
In the UK, the energy industry is changing rapidly, with a strong focus on reaching the government’s target of net-zero emissions by 2050.
Historically, the UK relied heavily on coal and North Sea oil and gas. However, coal has been almost entirely phased out of electricity generation, and renewables now account for over 40% of the UK’s electricity supply, led by wind (particularly offshore), solar, and biomass. The UK is a global leader in offshore wind, with massive projects like Hornsea and Dogger Bank shaping its clean energy landscape.
Although natural gas is still widely used, especially for heating, its role will continue to shrink over time. New solutions such as heat pumps, hydrogen technology, and better energy storage are expected to replace it gradually.
Government strategies like the British Energy Security Strategy are guiding this transition. Their aim is to ensure the UK’s energy is affordable, sustainable, and secure; supporting both the environment and the economy.
Energy policy in the UK is guided by strategies like the British Energy Security Strategy and the Net Zero Strategy, which aim to balance decarbonisation, energy independence, and affordability.
